虛主詞it (用法 五)

虛主詞it (用法 五)：

S. + think/find/consider/believe/count/guess + it + N./adj. + (Ving)/to V./that SV

說明：it做虛受詞，代替句末的不定或子句。後面的名詞或形容詞是受詞補語。本句型中之動詞不能直接以不定詞或子句為受詞。

例句：

1.      It find it easy to study English. (我發覺學英文很容易。)

It find it a pleasure to study English. (我發覺學英文是件樂事。)

2.      I think it necessary that you go and help him. (我想你必須去幫助他。)

3.      He considers it avirtue to be punctual. (他認為準時是一種美德。)

He considers it important that one should keep one’s promise. (他認為一個人守信很重要。)

4.      I want to make it clear to you that money is no object. (我要你明白，錢我們不計較。)

研究：

1.      理論上it亦可代替動名詞，但見到的機會不多。

2.      除表列動詞外，其他較少用到的還有suppose (認定), imagine (想像), feel (覺得), deem (認為), prove (證明), declare (宣稱) 等。

3.      部分動詞以名詞為受詞時，則不加虛字it，即有不定詞在後時，才加it，例：(1) His investment makes our plans possible. (他的投資使我們的計劃成功。)

 it possible for us to go on with our plans. (他的投資使我們得以繼續我們的

計劃。)

(2) He makes it a rule/practice/point to keep early hours.

＝ He makes a rule /practice/point of keeping early hours.

(他把早睡早起當做習慣/重點。)

4.      部分動詞在補語前要加一個as ：

He regards/looks upon/thinks of/refers to/acknowledges it as a natural right to

protecthimself. (他認為自衛是應有的權利。)

同理，若後面無不定詞時，亦不用it：

He regards/looks upon you as his best friend. (他把你看成他最好的朋友。)

5.      少數動詞＋介詞後，可加虛受詞it而接非wh之子句：

I count/rely/depend on it that you will help me. (我指望你幫助我。)